Directions for translation may in principle apply to all languages or may be language-specific. General guidelines for all languages are discussed in a separate document. After a few special guidelines and comments which concern Deze Taal (Nederlands) in particular, the translation of a number of key words and phrases is given in two tables.

Both in This Language and in Deze Taal the prefix in- is traditionally used among others to express opposition in a loose sense (together with il-, im- and ir-, dependent on the following sound). If it denotes the 'opposite' of something good, it denotes something bad, such as intolerant or invalid (ongeldig). But in(-) is also the prefix of inclusive (inklusief) and a preposition. It is therefore possible to associate in- with inclusiveness in these languages, especially in literature, where verbal symbolism can play an essential role. This symbolism may be enforced by not using words starting with in- which do not denote something right, good or inclusive, even tho there is, of course, no fundamental reason for omitting such words. A similar approach may apply to the prefix ex- in This Language and eks- or uit- in Deze Taal, except that the symbolic association is in this case with exclusiveness and exclusion (eksklusie or uitsluiting), that is, with something bad or wrong. (It is also for this reason that invite should be translated as inviteren or as innodigen instead of uitnodigen.)

In addition to in- there is a second prefix in Deze Taal which may be associated with the right or good. It is the prefix aan-, which in itself denotes originally something like on (to) and against in the sense of touching. This prefix can be thought of as forming part of the N-A-series of neutralistic morphemes (spelled with double a for obvious reasons). In this capacity it can be associated with neutralness or neutral-directedness, again especially in literature. Also this form of verbal symbolism may be enforced by not using words beginning with aan- if they refer to something bad or wrong. Such does not mean that a synonym suitable in the context, but without aan-, could not do too. The verb adhere, for instance, may be translated as both aanhangen and adhereren, the noun adherent as both aanhanger and voorstander or adherent, but an 'adherent' must definitely not be turned into a 'follower' by using the word volgeling, because people 'follow' (the leader of) a theocentrist or other authority-centered doctrine and they adhere to a normistic one.

An example of the combined special usage of the prefixes in- and aan- of Deze Taal can be found in (The title means "So long as my grave is still empty ...".) In this poem the word aandacht (attention) is linked with the nanacatena, a visual symbol of neutralism, while the word invloed (influence) is linked with sassafras leaves, a visual symbol of inclusivism.

Traditionally, metric(al) is translated as metriek (with stress on the second syllable) when referring to the system of measurement which uses the meter as its standard, and as metrisch (with stress on the first syllable) when referring to meter in verse. This is still correct (as well), but in the case of the name Metric Calendar the translation Metrisch has been chosen. Just as in the source language, metrisch emphasizes the substance of the metric idea, that is, the meter. Similarly, the translation selected for ananormative (with primary stress on the third syllable) is ananorm (with the same stress on the third syllable) instead of ananormatief (with primary stress on the fifth syllable), which one might expect because normative on its own is normatief. The reason is that in this symbolically important word the use of ananorm emphasizes the syllable with the core meaning, whereas the use of ananormatief would emphasize the syllable with the least meaning. (Therefore, the Ananormative model should be translated as het Ananorme model.)

In general the word wheel corresponds with both wiel and rad. However, the words wheel and cycle in This Language are akin to the foreign words kyklos (meaning "ring, circle, cycle, wheel"), telos (meaning "end, consummation, completeness") and c(h)akra (meaning "wheel"). The word wiel belongs to the same group of cognate morphemes. Where this etymological relatedness plays a symbolic role, directly connecting the 'wheel of the Norm' with a telos and teleology, the rendering of wheel cannot be but wiel in Deze Taal.

At the moment all the terms in the tables below are from the Model of Neutral-Inclusivity. TRINPsite has a special list of Model terms with information on where they occur for the first time or are further explained in the Model, and on how they are pronounced in This Language. It may be of some interest that purely catenical terms such as nanacatena (evenrichtingsketen) and catenical itself (keteniek) were first coined in Dutch (Nederlands) and translated into English later.

In The values of linguistic systems, a section of Language as Means and as Product, a division of the Book of Instruments, it is clearly stated that '[w]here there are two or more options open to us ... the most regular (or least irregular) and the most phonetic (or least unphonetic) variant is employed, regardless of its being perhaps traditionally more frequently used in one country or region of the world than in another'. This policy was applied to the first language in which the Model was written, and it should apply to any later language in which the Model is rewritten. For Deze Taal it means, among other things, that the Integratieve Spelling ought to be used.

MODEL TERMS IN TRANSLATION

MODELTERMEN IN VERTALING